Interkingdom Endodontic Biofilm Supernatant Triggers Biphasic DPSCs Response

A recent study in the Journal of Endodontics showed that soluble byproducts from a four‑species endodontic biofilm reduced dental pulp stem cell viability by 30% while doubling pro‑inflammatory cytokine release. This biphasic response highlights the need for targeted antimicrobial strategies in endodontic treatment to preserve pulp vitality.